The 2021 Initiative
In 2021, Canada held its first national deliberative poll: a representative group of Canadians came together online to deliberate on the country’s foreign policy, led by the Stanford Deliberative Democracy Lab. Its materials were previously scattered across several sites — they are collected here in one place.
Foreign Policy by Canadians — 2021 Final Report
The full results report from the 2021 deliberation, including methodology and pre/post opinion change.
Read the report →2021 Project Page
The Stanford project page for Foreign Policy by Canadians, with background on the deliberative polling method.
Visit the project page →“Foreign Policy by Canadians” — feature article
Open Canada's coverage of the initiative and what everyday Canadians concluded about Canada's global role.
Read on Open Canada →Canada needs to reimagine a foreign policy for a leaderless world
Commentary by Lloyd Axworthy, Jean Charest, Jennifer Welsh, Jeremy Kinsman and Ben Rowswell on the initiative's findings and Canada's role as a middle power.
Read the op-ed →Additional 2021 materials (CanWaCH resources, further press coverage) can be added here as they are confirmed. This page intentionally mirrors the 2026 design so both initiatives read as one program.